Mana

Chess pieces earn mana when they deal damage and when they take damage.

When a unit collects 100 mana, they try to cast their active ability if available.

Mana gain when taking damage
When a unit takes damage, it gains mana, and the amount is calculated by following steps


 * 1) Mana gain is set to damage taken (after all damage manipulations and damage block) / 5 and cap at a maximum of 50
 * 2) Mana gain is set to a random number between (mana gain/2) and (mana gain).
 * 3) If unit has Ultimate Orb or Blink Dagger, Mana gain is set to Mana gain * 1.25
 * 4) If unit has Scythe of Vyse, Mana gain is set to Mana gain * 1.50

Mana gain when dealing damage
When a unit deal damage, it gains mana, and the amount is calculated by following steps


 * 1) If attacker is Shaman, Warlock, Mage or Priest, mana gain is set to damage dealt (after all damage manipulations and damage block) / 2.5 and cap at a maximum of 20.  Else, mana gain is set to the mana gained by the target, capped at 10.
 * 2) If unit has Crown, or any Dagon, mana gain is set to Mana gain * 1.5
 * 3) If unit has Void stone, Scythe or Mystic Staff, Mana gain is set to Mana gain * 2
 * 4) If unit has Perseverance or Battle Fury, Mana gain is set to Mana gain * 2
 * 5) If unit has Refresher Orb, Mana gain is set to Mana gain * 3

Mana gain bonus from items
Crown: +50% mana gain when dealing damage.

Dagon: +50% mana gain when dealing damage.

Void Stone: +100% mana gain when dealing damage.

Mystic Staff: +100% mana gain when dealing damage.

Perseverance: +100% mana gain when dealing damage.

Battle Fury: +100% mana gain when dealing damage.

Refresher Orb: +200% mana gain when dealing damage.

Ultimate Orb: +25% mana gain when taking damage.

Blink Dagger: +25% mana gain when taking damage.

Scythe of Vyse: +100% mana gain when dealing damage and +50% mana gain when taking damage.

Stacking
Item does not stack with the same item (e.g. 2 void stones do not stack). Items in following lines do not stack with the other item in the same line


 * Ultimate Orb, Blink Dagger
 * Crown, Dagon 1-5
 * Void Stone, Mystic Staff, Scythe of Vyse
 * Perseverance, Battle Fury

Trivia

 * Without mana gaining item, unit gain maximum of 10 mana (when deal an instance of 50 or more damage) when deal damage and a maximum of 25-50 mana (when take an instance of 250 damage or more) when take damage
 * Assume that unit has no mana gaining item and takes no damage, a normal unit need to make at least 10 attacks to gain 100 mana.
 * Assume that unit has no mana gaining item, deals no damage and does not take over-cap damage, the unit need to lose from a minimum of 500 HP to a maximum of 1000 HP from taking damage to get 100 mana.
 * Mage, Warlock, Shaman, Priest receive double mana gain when dealing damage compared to other units.
 * Demons auto attack with Fel Power buff counts as 2 damage instances, so they may get double the mana gain.
 * SF is both Demon and Warlock, with high base damage. A 2* SF can easily get 40 mana per auto attack.
 * Mana gain bonus from item stacks multiplicatively.
 * As a possible inconsistency (or intended?), mana gain bonus for taking damage also increases the mana gain for the attacker if the attacker is not a Shaman, Warlock, Mage or Priest and dealt very little damage (under 50).
 * A more consistent working in this case: mana gain should be set to (damage dealt / 5) instead of the amount gained by the attack target.